Older brick homes have undeniable charm, but understanding the challenges of brick homes is essential before making a purchase or starting renovations. From moisture infiltration to energy inefficiency, the hidden upkeep costs can stack up fast.

Here’s what you can expect with brick homes and how to prepare for these common issues.

5 Common Issues to Expect with Brick Homes

  1. Moisture Damage and Cracking
  2. Energy Use in Older Brick Homes
  3. Red Flags at First Glance
  4. When Repairs Become Rebuilds
  5. Budget Ahead, Don’t Backpedal Later

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1. Moisture Damage and Cracking

Brick is sturdy but porous. Without proper sealing and drainage, rain and snowmelt can seep into the masonry. In cold climates, trapped water expands when it freezes, causing the outer surface of the brick to flake off, a process known as spalling.

Close up view of spalled brick

Close up view of spalled brick

Mortar joints are also vulnerable. If they weren’t properly repointed in the last 15 to 20 years, deterioration can lead to structural instability over time.

Brick wall with severe stair step cracks

Brick wall with severe stair step cracks

Look for signs of trouble, such as:

  • Stair-step cracks
  • Vegetation growing from joints
  • Mismatched patches of mortar
plant growing through old brick wall

Plant growing from joints of old brick wall

These signs often indicate prior repairs that weren’t completed using historically compatible materials, which can accelerate wear rather than prevent it.

Old brick wall of a colonial home with several eras of patchwork

Old brick wall of a colonial home with several eras of patchwork

 

2. Energy Use in Older Brick Homes

Brick is a poor insulator. Unless retrofitted, homes built decades ago often lack proper insulation in both walls and attics, resulting in temperature fluctuations and high utility bills.

According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration (March 2023), homes built prior to 1950 spend 51.3 thousand British thermal units (MBtu) per square foot. That translates to a cost of $1.14 per square foot, compared with $0.82 for newer homes.

Knowing how to maximize energy efficiency in older homes is a necessity for anyone looking to purchase or renovate a historic brick property. Insulating from the inside, upgrading windows, and sealing air leaks are all common solutions.

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3. Red Flags at First Glance

Not every issue with brickwork is immediately apparent, but certain visual signs should raise concern. Bulging walls can indicate foundation shifts or water saturation behind the brick. Powdery white staining, called efflorescence, signals water intrusion and salt deposits. Soft or crumbling mortar between bricks means moisture has already started to break down the integrity of the structure.

Brick wall with efflorescence

Brick wall with efflorescence

These are all red flags to look for during home showings, especially in older homes that haven’t seen a renovation in the last two decades. Bring in a masonry expert before closing on a property with visible wear.

Old brick wall with gaps

Old brick wall with gaps

 

4. When Repairs Become Rebuilds

Once the brick starts failing, costs rise quickly. Repointing—the process of replacing old mortar—should be done every 25 to 30 years. Delaying this maintenance often leads to brick replacement or structural bracing, which is far more invasive and costly.

Bricklayer repointing old bricks

Bricklayer repointing old bricks

Other hidden costs include water damage to interior framing, damaged insulation, and repairs to load-bearing walls. Such issues can take months and require permits and inspections before any work begins.

 

5. Budget Ahead, Don’t Backpedal Later

While solid and long-lasting, older masonry homes aren’t low-maintenance. That’s why understanding the challenges of brick homes before buying or renovating is essential.

Budget for expert assessments every five years and be proactive about moisture control. One overlooked issue today can easily become a five-figure repair tomorrow.

Classic old brick mansion

 

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